Tuesday, December 16, 2008

What's the best Creatine

What's the best Creatine
By Bob Myhal

Choosing a Creatine Product

If you're looking to add strength and lean muscle mass, creatine monohydrate is for you. Of all the bodybuilding and fitness supplements to come down the pike in the past decade or so, creatine has the most clinically proven track record. Supplementing with creatine increases ATP production measurably. This results in greater explosive strength and overall work load capacity during training sessions.

Creatine also has a significant cell-volumizing effect, though precisely how this works is still subject to debate. Bottom line is, the average person can expect to gain 6-12 pounds of lean muscle mass within the first 15 days of supplementing with creatine.

Insulin Spiking and Creatine Absorption

There is some evidence to suggest that by introducing certain intermediates into the body with creatine, the body’s absorption and utilization of creatine can be optimized.

Studies have suggested that taking creatine with simple carbohydrates can increase creatine uptake into the muscle cells by over 60%. But not only does more creatine enter the muscle cells when it’s taken with simple carbs, there’s also strong indications that once it’s there it tends to remain there longer. So basically you get the double-benefit of more cellular creatine uptake and longer retention.

This practice of spiking insulin while taking creatine is generally referred to as creatine hyper-saturation, and it’s definitely a valuable tool in getting the most out of your creatine supplementation.

Adequate Hydration

It is crucial to the effectiveness of creatine supplementation that you consume enough fluids to fully hydrate your body and your muscle cells.

Many people do not get the full results they expect and want from creatine precisely because they do not take in enough fluids to maximize its effectiveness. You see, creatine basically works by enabling the cells which form muscles to retain more fluid . . . when they retain more fluid, they naturally become larger. But the creatine itself doesn’t provide the additional fluid; it merely enables the cells to hold more if more is present.

I feel strongly that you should take in approximately 24 extra ounces of fluid (that’s three 8 ounce servings) for every 5 grams of creatine you take. This is in addition to your "normal" daily fluid intake. Hydration is key with creatine.

Powdered Creatine

By far the most popular variation of creatine on the market is the powdered forms of creatine monohydrate. Basically, creatine powders are sold either as pure creatine, which you can then mix with juice, or as a pre-formulated flavored powder, which you simply mix with water and drink.

So with your powdered creatine, there's basically two routes to go: you can buy pure creatine powder and mix it yourself with juice (as mentioned above, insulin spiking has been shown to raise creatine uptake significantly), or you can get a creatine formula already containing all the high glycemic carbs, the sodium, and other enhancers you need.

If you're new to creatine, you might start with a pure powder and mix it up with some juice. It's very economical and should work well for you. I suggest Prolab's Creatine Monohydrate. It's available in a huge 1000 gram pack that economical and kicks butt. Nothing fancy here. Just a high-quality creatine powder at an unbeatable price.

If you prefer a absolutely cutting edge creatine formula, check out the Vitargo CGL from Nutrex. It's my personal favorite. This formula adds mass like nothing else.

Liquid Creatine

Wow, this is a controversial subject in the supplement industry right now.

Liquid creatine is a concentrated form of creatine that usually comes in a serum. The leading producer and seller of Liquid Creatine is Muscle Marketing USA. They claim to have developed a unique method to preserve creatine's stability in a liquid form, no easy task. Others feel that this is virtually impossible and that Muscle Marketing is at the very least overstating its technology. Of course, those who shout the loudest that liquid creatine cannot be stable are those that market and sell powdered creatine. Funny how that works.

Personally, I've always had great results with the powders and formulas. I haven't had the liquid serums tested and I'm not a chemist.

I do know that many people have tried and really swear by Muscle Marketing's Creatine Serum; they particularly like to use it immediately prior to working out as a way to give them a jolt of energy and strength.

With Creatine Quality Counts, Big-Time

One final thought on maximizing your results with creatine: be sure the creatine you’re using is of the highest quality. There are literally dozens of bargain basement creatine companies out there in the health shops and particularly on the web. Most of these companies are selling very low-grade creatine. Some of the creatine powder out there, for instance, is only 30% to 50% pure—I know, I’ve seen the clinicals.

With creatine, as with most supplements in general, it’s better to pay a few dollars more for high-quality products than to go the bargain basement route where you also end up skimping on results. You can't go wrong with my two top picks:

Creatine Monohydrate Powder: Prolab Creatine

Creatine Advanced Formula: Vitargo CGL

Quick Fat Loss Tips


Quick Fat Loss Tips


How To: Drop the fat and keep the muscle.

Truth is, any time you lose fat, you run the danger of cutting into muscle as well. It’s a tricky balance you need to strike, but the key is to drop as much fat while preserving as much lean muscle as possible. Here’s a few quick tips to keep in mind:

* Be certain to get your protein in every 3 hours (this is key). Also, be sure to take some protein in before bed (no carbs though).

* Try supplementing with L-Glutamine: it not only helps you get lean, it also seems to have a muscle-sparring effect in most people.

* You can drop your carbs down pretty low to tighten, but don't drop the good fats down too much. Supplementing with Omega 3s and/or flax seed oil can help.

* You'll want to consider cycling your calories if you're not doing this already. See the Ultimate Muscle Mass and Anabolic Nutrition Programs for more tips.

* Don't make your diet too complex: lean protein is the key, processed sugar is to be avoided.

* Remember, when you're natural, it's a tough job to drop fat and maintain mass. It can be done, but you have to go after it intelligently. Getting that constant influx of high-quality protein is really your #1 priority.

Disclaimer: The views and statements expressed on this web site represent the opinions of the authors and should not be considered scientific conclusions. Neither MuscleMaster.net, MuscleMaster.com, Inc. nor the authors of this article assume any liability for the information contained herein. Specific medical advice should be obtained from a licensed health care practitioner. Consult your physician before you begin any nutrition, exercise, or dietary supplement program.

Article Copyright 2001, 2002 by MuscleMaster.com, Inc. Reprinted with permission, all rights reserved.

Protein Powders


Protein Powders

Which Protein Supplement is Best

Unless you've been living under a rock for the past decade, by now you are well aware of the lean muscle-building benefits of protein. Protein provides the building blocks for muscle development, and whey-dominated protein powders in particular are virtually a "must-have" element of any serious bodybuilding or fitness nutrition program.

Because of its outstanding bio-availability and its extremely rapid absorption, a basic protein powder is still one of the best and most effective physique enhancing supplements on the market.

But with so many quality proteins available--and so much money being spent on overstated advertisements, added ingredients of questionable value, and worthless hype--deciding which basic protein powder makes the most sense for you in terms of both ingredients and cost can often be a frustrating chore.

To help you make the most intelligent decision, here's a quick comparison of some of the highest quality and most popular brands currently on the market:

Comparing Ingredients

When shopping for an appropriate protein supplement, you'll want to pay attention to total calories and the breakdown between protein, carbohydrates, and fat.

Brand Protein: Carbs: Fat Calories
ASN American Whey 20g 6g 1g 104
AST VP2 24g 1g .5g 100
Beverly Muscle Provider 16g 2g 1g 80
Cytodyne Methoxy-Pro 23g 4g 2.5g 140
EAS Precision Protein 20g 2g 1g 100
MuscleTech Nitro-Tech 20g 3g 1.5g 110
Nature's Best Isopure 50g 3g 0g 210
Next Nutrition Designer Whey 17.5g 2g 1.5g 90
Optimum 100% Whey 23g 2g 1.5g 110
ProLab Complex Protein 40g 7g 4g 225

Comparing Cost

Now here's a cost per serving analysis of these same popular products. In order to keep the comparison relevant, I've decided to look at just the 2 lbs. and 3 lbs. containers. Of course, you can often save more money per serving by buying larger quantities, but more on that in a moment.

You'll notice that I've ranked the products for you from least expensive on a per serving basis to most expensive.

Brand Size Cost Servings Cost Per Serving
Optimum 100% Whey 2lbs $13.95 31 $.45
ASN American Whey 3lbs $24.95 48 $.52
Next Nutrition Designer Whey 2lbs $22.95 40 $.57
Beverly Muscle Provider 2lbs $39.60 45 $.88
MuscleTech Nitro-Tech 2lbs $32.95 32 $1.03
AST VP2 2lbs $33.95 32 $1.06
Cytodyne Methoxy-Pro 2lbs $31.95 24 $1.33
ProLab Complex Protein 2lbs $27.99 17 $1.65
Nature's Best Isopure 3lbs $35.95 21 $1.71

So now you have an idea of what's in these popular protein products and where each one ranks on a cost per serving basis. Another piece of the protein puzzle involves looking closely at the quality of the various powders.

Comparing Purity

The chart below compares the purity (the % of the powder that is actual protein as opposed to fillers and/or other ingredients) of the most popular protein powders. In general, the higher the purity percentage number is, the better. The products are ranked from purest in terms of protein content, to least purest.

Product

Serving Size

Protein Content

Protein Purity

AST VP2

28 g

24 g

85.7%

Optimum 100% Whey

28.4 g

23 g

81%

Nature's Best Isopure

65 g

50 g

80.6%

Beverly Muscle Provider

21 g

16 g

76.2%

Next Nutrition Designer Whey

24 g

17.5 g

73%

ProLab Complex Protein

55 g

40 g

72.7%

MuscleTech NitroTech

29g

20g

69%

American Whey

32 g

20 g

62.5%

Cytodyne Methoxy-Pro

38 g

23 g

60.5%

My general feeling, is that if you're looking for a quality protein product and not a meal replacement, than a purity number of over 70% is desirable. Over 80% is outstanding.

100% Whey Protein 5lbConclusions and My Protein Recommendation

As you can see from the Purity chart above, AST's VP2 is tops. It's one of the best whey protein formulas I've seen. But at over $1.00 per serving it's pricey, and I have to confess that I'm not a big fan of the taste either: it's a bit harsh.

In terms of purity, 2nd place goes to Optimum's 100% Whey at an excellent 81%. 100% Whey also comes in as the most economical per serving of the entire bunch. And I love the taste! For me, that's a winning combination.

If you're looking for a high quality, versatile, and economical protein powder, then Optimum Nutrition's 100% Whey is an excellent choice. At only $0.45 per 23 gram serving, and a rock-solid purity reading, 100% Whey is truly a protein bargain.

100% Whey is also available in a 5 lbs. size that drops the cost per serving down to a very appealing $0.37.

If you're willing to pay a little bit more and want the best whey protein available regardless of taste, then AST's VP2 is worth a try. Pure, clean, and effective.

If taste is the main issue for you, then you'll want to go with one of the handful of protein powders consistently rated among the very best tasting. Those include Optimum's 100% Whey and EAS's Precision Protein.


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There's a Reason That You Have Excess Stomach Fat

There's a Reason That You Have
Excess Stomach Fat

I'll show you in the article below why you've been doing the wrong types of exercises and eating the wrong types of foods. Change just a few of these aspects and you'll start to lose stubborn belly fat and get a flat stomach MUCH faster!

by Mike Geary - Certified Nutrition Specialist, Certified Personal Trainer (CPT)


5 Facts You MUST Understand if You Are Ever Going to Lose Your Belly Fat and Get Six Pack Abs

1 Many so-called "health foods" are actually cleverly disguised junk foods that actually stimulate you to gain more belly fat... yet the diet food marketing industry continues to lie to you so they can maximize their profits.

2Ab exercises like crunches, sit-ups, and ab machines are the LEAST effective method of getting flat six pack abs. We'll explore what types of exercises REALLY work in a minute.

3. Boring repetitive cardio exercise routines are NOT the best way to lose body fat and uncover those six pack abs. I'll show you the exact types of unique workouts that produce 10x better results below.

4 You DON'T need to waste your money on expensive "extreme fat burner" pills (that don't work) or other bogus supplements. A special class of natural foods is much more effective. I'll tell you about these natural foods and their powers below.

5. Ab belts, ab-rockers, ab-loungers, and other infomercial ab-gimmicks... they're all a complete waste of your time and money. Despite the misleading infomercials, the perfectly chiseled fitness models in the commercials did NOT get their perfect body by using that "ab contraption"... they got their perfect body through REAL workouts and REAL nutrition strategies. Again, you'll learn some of their secrets and what really works below.

Will You Train Beyond High School? by Scott Jameson I see it every day. Young bucks come into gym in their high school years and train and make astou

Will You Train Beyond High School? by Scott Jameson

I see it every day. Young bucks come into gym in their high school years and train and make astounding gains and begin to think about bodybuilding. Testosterone is at its peak during these years and just seems they can’t get enough of the gym or the results they are achieving. By the time the senior year rolls around, they are at their peak physically. It came so easily, it seems, that development will stay forever.

However life begins to change after high school. College starts in the fall or perhaps you start a full time job. Distractions are everywhere. Many football, baseball and wrestling jocks of high school no longer shine above their college competition and most do not continue disciplined organized sports that once brought you to the gym in the first place.

Besides not playing the sports, studies are now more time consuming. The food is all you can eat at the student cafeteria and, well, beer parties are everywhere. This is the most fun ever, you think. By the time Thanksgiving rolls around, no time was found for the gym and you are well on way to the freshman fifteen. That is the fifteen pounds of smoothing fat that you picked up during the first year on your own away from home. Bodybuilding was but a memory back home.

Spring rolls around and you are back home for the summer. But wow have you changed? Heavier, smoother and where did those muscles go? You return to the gym for the summer to get in shape. You find it is next to impossible to return the body to its former ripped state much less building up this summer.

My point here guys, bodybuilding is not for the weak willed. If you want to continue to be in shape you must plan the discipline of working out if you are going to have the better body. Bodybuilding is tough. Don’t kid yourself. If it was easy everyone would be in shape.

Miles Hannaman 19

Miles Hannaman, 19, and training in his college years.
Compliments of Repetrope Muscle Videos

So what should you do? Well if you are college bound do the following:

-During campus visit check out the gym facilities. Determine if the equipment is suitable to meet your bodybuilding needs.

-Do your campus visit during the normal school year to get a feel for the people that are going. Is the gym too crowded (undersized for the campus)? What is the attitude of those training, motivational or passively active.

-How close is the gym to the living quarters? Is it convenient?

-What are the food choices at the cafeteria? Can I get the high protein foods? Is food overly processed? What are the off campus choices?

Now I am not saying that you make your college selection based solely upon the gym facilities but it should be a factor if you are serious about your training.

-Finally once you arrive at college, review your class schedule. Then clearly plan a workout time along with your study and class time. If you have to put a routine in the morning, just do it.

-Settle into a routine and stick to it.

-Don’t stay up so late. You need your rest to recover from workouts and besides late nights will cause you to want to sleep through that morning routine.

-Lay off alcohol. It’s catabolic; meaning it works to strip your muscles off. It acts on the body the opposite of steroids. It’s bad news. It will take you places you don’t want to go, keep you longer than you want to stay and cost you more than you can imagine.

-Eat right. Do I need to say more?

-Read a bodybuilding magazine periodically to keep your focus.

-Hang out with those that are in the gym. They are a better influence in keeping you disciplined.

Okay there you have it. Stay with your training and your freshman fifteen will be MUSCLE not flab!

Miles Hannaman at Superbody Championships

Miles Hannaman, 19, competing at Superbody Championship
Compliments of Repetrope Muscle Videos

"Sweat eventually hardens to Muscle".....Scott

This article is property of Bodybuilding Program Zone and may not be reproduced without written permission from Scott Jameson. Besides it wouldn't be right....Scott

Bodybuilding Program Basics|Supplements

Bodybuilding Program Basics|Supplements


Gaspari SuperPump250 - Finally One that WORKS by Scott Jameson

Gaspari Super Pump 250

It is finally here, a pre workout drink that really works. Yes you heard me, it really works. NO I don't get paid for this! If you read my articles on NaNO Vapor and NO Xplode you know I think these products suck the money right out of your wallet with little sizzle in the gym.

This year I gave the SuperPump, NaNO Vapor and NO Xplode back to back tests prior to entering the gym. I used the prescribed dosage and even twice the amount of each I did in this order Vapor, Xplode, SuperPump then back to Xplode. I did Xplode twice just to be sure that SuperPump was not some sort euphoric physical moment in my life. As soon as I stopped SuperPump and went back to Xplode the affect was noticeably non existent.

Lind Walter Bodybuilder

Lind Walter Experiencing the Bodybuilder Pump

None of these products are inexpensive, so if they don’t provide a significant, noticeable and consistent benefit then what is the point of spending your hard earned dollar. Also, let me say this again, I am in no way affiliated nor do I benefit from recommending anyone's product.

Okay here is my pre workout regimen. I took 1 ½ scoops of Gaspari SuperPump mixed with water about 45 minutes prior to training. In addition to the Super, I would take 1 Jet Fuel capsule by German American Technologies. Jet Fuel like many other products on the market is basically a mild amphetamine with caffeine and synephrine and 30 other ingredients of who knows what.

Between these two products, I was ready to do some serious damage to the weights. And isn't that what you want. I pushed harder and got better pumps. Veins were showing up in places that I did not expect on my quads, arms and shoulders.

BTW, Jet Fuel was also combined with, NaNO Vapor and NO Xplode to no success.

So give it try and see if this helps you get the most out of your workout. One word or precaution. Extreme intense training can result in excess muscle growth....oh well I guess we'll just have to live with it. :)

Demetriou Constantinos Bodybuilder

Demetriou Constantinos Super Pumping His Triceps

Sweat eventually hardens to Muscle".....Scott

This article is property of Bodybuilding Program Zone and may not be reproduced without written permission from Scott Jameson. Besides it wouldn't be right....Scott

Monday, December 15, 2008

Fitness for People the World Needs Most

Fitness for People the World Needs Most

By Anne B. McDonnell
April 2004



Gonzaga University created a new fitness center with a unique blend of old and new structures.

GONZAGA UNIVERSITY RUDOLF FITNESS CENTER

Spokane, Wash.; 509 323-4200; www.gonzaga.edu

Gonzaga University, with its tradition of service-oriented education, is committed to "educating people the world needs most," says Joan Hatfield, director of the Kermit M. Rudolf Fitness Center. "The new on-campus fitness facility helps achieve that goal by developing the health and fitness of Gonzaga's students, faculty and staff," she says.

The 38,000-square-foot facility opened in March 2003, under the direction of the Athletic Department. The fitness center is located in the Martin Center, which also houses the Kennel, the basketball arena for the Gonzaga Bulldogs. (A new 6,000-seat arena is currently under construction, and will be attached to the Martin Center.)

The fitness center is an architectural blend of existing and new facilities, Hatfield explains. The 18,420-square-foot field house, previously a separate building, the 25-yard lap pool and the 2,400-square-foot locker room area were joined by an arched atrium with skylights. Walls of windows looking into the field house and pool now line the atrium, which also offers a lounge area with couches, tables and a juice bar.

The field house includes three basketball courts, an indoor running track and four racquetball courts. At the time of construction, two racquetball courts were converted into a 2,400-square-foot fitness studio, a 500-square-foot fitness studio and an intramural office. The field house is used for pick-up basketball games, intramural sports, some PE classes, and summer basketball and volleyball camps. As for the pool, in addition to lap swimming, it is used for water aerobics, water polo games and scuba diving classes.

Another new addition to the building is the 9,000-square-foot, two-level cardio and weight area, complete with a view of Lake Arthur, the Spokane River and the Spokane skyline. "The Gonzaga community enjoys the array of equipment, TVs and sound system, which are similar to those at high-quality, private fitness centers," says Hatfield. A bright red and blue color scheme reflects Gonzaga's school colors.

Four full-time staff members with master's degrees offer fitness assessments, nutritional counseling, personal training, health/fitness-related workshops, email fitness tips, and classes such as step, yoga, boot camp and stability ball conditioning classes. Says Hatfield, "The facility design, staffing and operations were carefully planned to meet the highest industry standards for facility supervision and safety. Remote cameras are located in all activity areas of the fitness center complex, and staff can monitor the entire facility from the front desk or the control desk located in the fitness area. We have an AED on the premises, and all full-time staff are trained to use it."

Membership to the fitness center is required for all undergraduate students, who each pay a $75 fee per semester. Graduate and law school students join on a voluntary basis, and pay a higher fee per semester. Faculty and staff are given complimentary memberships as part of their benefits package, and spouses of students, faculty and staff may join for a fee.

Gonzaga University created a new fitness center with a unique blend of old and new structures. The achieved goal is to offer fitness to "people the world needs most."

Facility Stats

• Date facility opened: March 2003
• Fitness facility size: 38,000 square feet

• Number of members: About 3,500 undergraduates, plus graduate and law students; faculty and staff receive complimentary memberships

• Strength equipment: Life Fitness and Hammer Strength machines; free weights

• Cardio equipment: Treadmills, stair steppers, elliptical trainers, cycles, rowing machine, arm ergometer

Sports Training Programs for Adventure & Motivation

Sports Training Programs for Adventure & Motivation

By Anne B. McDonnell
June 2001



Fun is the name of the fitness game these days. By offering programs that appeal to a sport of your member's choice, you're likely to increase retention and even gain new prospects.

When summer days are sunny and warm, or winter days bring snow to the mountains, would your members rather play tennis, hike or ski outdoors, or perform two sets of 12 reps inside your club? If your answer is clearly the first, then offering sport-specific training in your facility can be a great way to keep your current members motivated and attract new members. Outdoor sports programs don't always have to take members away from your fitness center. Instead, you can combine in-club programs with outings. For instance, you can offer training programs within your facility, such as sport-specific strength classes, and then take a group of interested members outdoors to try out their new skills. These programs can help motivate your members by giving them specific goals, social interaction, challenges and a fun environment for working out.

Types of programs

Your sports training program can include almost any sport imaginable. Popular examples are running, golf, swimming, biking, hiking, climbing and skiing. Many other possibilities exist, of course. Marathon or triathlon training, snowboarding, surfing, inline skating, mountain biking, snow shoeing, volleyball, baseball, basketball, soccer and much more. Be creative, but make sure your members are interested. Before posting flyers about your new tree-climbing course, find out if any of your members would actually participate. An in-club or online survey, or casual conversations are a few ways to discover interest.

Instructors

Once you know that your members are interested in a particular sports program, find a qualified instructor. If you already have someone on staff, wonderful. Just make sure that they can do what they say they can. If you don't have someone, ask around at local sports groups, sporting goods stores or even among your members. They may have a sports skill, or know someone who does.

Safety

Safety is an important part of every program, but some sports carry more risks than others. Your program should have a written safety plan in place, and all instructors should be trained in the appropriate life-saving/injury skills. It also may be necessary to require participants to sign an additional waiver if they want to participant in one of your sports programs. Also, before sending a group off on an adventurous trip, provide them with a checklist of things to bring. Water, sunscreen, a hat, sunglasses, food, and appropriate clothes and footwear are usually necessary.

Equipment

The initial cost of your program will depend on how much extra equipment you will need. If you offer a hiking program, then the only extra equipment you will need are hiking shoes, sunscreen and a water-bottle carrier, which can be provided by your members. If, however, you begin a climbing program, you will need thousands of dollars worth of ropes, shoes and maybe even an indoor wall. Most clubs either rent the equipment to members, or provide it as part of the program fee. Either way, make sure that your class doesn't end up costing more than it's worth. As far as non-sport-specific equipment, you may just need your weights, cardio equipment and some resistance bands. How to use your equipment to train appropriately for a specific sport is up to your qualified instructor.

Fees

To cover the extra costs of training your members in a specific skill, and then taking them outside to try out that new skill, you may want to charge a fee in addition to the regular club membership fee. The fee may also cover the cost of food during outings and/or such things as lift tickets and transportation.

Sample Programs


Rock Climbing: Vertical Endeavors Guided Adventures

Vertical Endeavors is an indoor rock climbing facility located within Life Time Fitness in Warrenville, Ill. Information on its website reads: "You've learned to climb indoors, now imagine the thrill of climbing outdoors on real rock!"

Vertical Endeavors Guided Adventures (V.E.G.A.) are year-round outdoor rock and ice climbing lessons, and guided trips for beginners to experienced climbers. Guides take participants on trips to the sea cliffs of the north shore of Lake Superior and to Devil's Tower in Wyoming. For ice climbing, adventurers go to Ouray, Colo. All programs are led by Vertical Endeavors guides who are professional members of the American Mountain Guide Association (AMGA).

One of the guides, Patrick Mackin, director of instruction for Vertical Endeavors and a guide with the AMGA, says there is definitely an advantage to teaching members specific sports skills. "You're going to have more fun if you train sport-specific," he says. Some of the participants in his outdoor climbs have told him that their experience was "life changing." He also says that it is important that the climbs are tailored to each person's climbing ability, and he makes sure that he "provides the basis for what people need to perform climbs on their own," instead of just playing "tour guide."

V.E.G.A. is headquartered at Vertical Endeavors, which offers 18,000 square feet of climbing surfaces. The indoor facility allows Vertical Endeavors to teach its "ground school curriculum" with no worries about weather. The program provides all essential technical equipment, including helmet, harness and ropes. Upon registration, participants receive an orientation packet including a list of items to bring with them on the day of their course. All programs are guided by experienced climbers. Guides are certified in CPR, first aid and Wilderness First Responder.

The Vertical Endeavors program has terms and conditions for its participants, which is a must for any outdoor sports program. Among them, all of its participants must sign a liability waver, and anyone under 18 must have the form signed by a parent or legal guardian.

Having fun, learning a skill and getting exercise are the important outcomes for participants in this program. Says Mackin, "By the end of the day, they've had a serious workout."

For more information on this program: 630 836-0122; info@verticalendeavors.com; www.verticalendeavors.com


Triathlon Training: Athletic Club at Denver Place

Transitions, A Triathlon Training Class, at Athletic Club at Denver Place in Denver, Colo., is a training class that prepares participants for every aspect of a triathlon. Triathletes perform mini-triathlons each session, and workouts range from a 100-meter swim, 5-minute bike (on stationary bikes) and a 0.3-mile run, to an 800-meter swim, 40-minute bike and a 3-mile run. "The longest day is meant to simulate a sprint distance triathlon," says Melissa Mantak, a personal trainer and athletic staff member at Athletic Club at Denver Place, and one of the program's two coaches. "I use [this] as as a ?test' to track their progress."

The class meets one morning each week from 6:00 to 7:30 a.m., and runs in three, eight-week sessions starting in January and ending in June. Each class includes a mini-clinic on swimming, biking or running technique, nutrition information, strength training and transition training. "We actually practice putting shoes, helmets, glasses, wetsuits, etc., on and off," says Mantak, who is a former pro triathlete. As the weather gets nicer, the class goes outside to a local reservoir to swim in open water and then bike and run to better simulate training and racing conditions.

The class attracts a wide range of participants, but most are beginners. Many are women who are training for the Danskin race, athletes attempting a first Ironman, or endurance athletes looking for some direction or a change of pace in their workouts. The number of participants ranges from 10 to 25.

"The group setting provides a fun, competitive, supportive atmosphere," says Mantak. "They all have a great time, show tremendous improvement in both physical performance and confidence, and exceed their goals and expectations."

Mantak doesn't need to do much marketing for her class. She says that word-of-mouth is her best advertiser. The club puts up flyers and posts information on its website, and it has had several non-members join the class thanks to the website.

"I started the class four years ago as a means of helping and coaching triathletes through the winter training months," Mantak says. "[My goal was] to keep them interested, motivated and fit."

For more information on this program: 303 294-9494; www.acdp.com


Golf Training: East Bank Club

In Fitness for Golfers at East Bank Club in Chicago, Ill., personal trainers Jeff Travis and Amy Pasqualini lead participants through a seven-week sport-specific program that includes strength training, abdominal and flexibility exercises. "The main focus of the program is injury prevention through flexibility and stretching," says Amy Pasqualini, a master trainer at East Bank Club. "We do a lot of core work with the abdominal, low back and hamstring muscles. This is complemented by stretches of the low back, hip flexors, hamstrings, gluteus, quadriceps and erector muscles of the spine to help increase range of motion."

Another important part of the class includes rotation work with a medicine ball. On the first day, trainers have participants hit balls so they can assess their swing and see form imbalances. Participants progress from basic rotation work to working on their swing. "We have participants mimic the golf swing and release the medicine ball against a wall. This helps them see the imbalances in their swings," says Pasqualini.

The class also incorporates weight work for the chest and back. Since "most golfers are strong in the chest and weak in the upper back, we focus on the back with seated rows, rear delt work, lat pull downs, retractions and depressions, and external rotator cuff work," Pasqualini says.

The benefits of this sport-specific class are injury prevention, increased ball distance, control of the golf swing, learning body awareness, building muscular endurance and increasing range of motion to increase club-head speed.

The East Bank Club also offers many other sport-specific training programs, including Spin, Stride, Splash, a triathlon-training program; Brick, a triathlon/duathlon training program; golf and tennis clinics and lessons; private basketball lessons; Kayak Workout, an instructor-led class on the river; and Ski Conditioning, a weight-training class for skiers.

For more information on these programs: 312 527-5800; www.eastbankclub.com

The Learning Curve for Women's Weight-Loss Programs

The Learning Curve for Women's Weight-Loss Programs

By Wayne L. Westcott
December 2003



An exercise-based weight-loss program can work for women, as long as the right prescription is given.

Since the early days of the fitness movement, health and fitness facility operators have attempted to attract overweight women into their weight-loss programs. Unfortunately, the exercise approach to reducing body weight has been largely unsuccessful, especially in comparison to the $35 billion spent each year on various diet programs.

With a little introspection, we can identify several reasons why overweight women are reluctant to join exercise programs in fitness facilities. First, unlike fitness professionals who thrive on physical activity, most overweight women are simply not exercise enthusiasts. That is, given a choice of 10 things to do during the course of a day, exercise is unlikely to make their list. Some have had problems with school physical education classes, others have had unsuccessful experiences in sports, some have had disappointing results from previous exercise programs, others feel self-conscious in exercise attire, many prefer not to perform physical activity in the presence of men and some just don't like to sweat.

Consider how you would feel auditioning in front of the symphony orchestra when your only prior instrumental experience was a poorly pitched flutophone in third grade. That's essentially the same perception most overweight women have when confronted with the thought of public exercise performance. Needless to say, it raises their anxiety level, and reinforces their avoidance tendencies toward physical activity programs.

Many women also face time challenges due to the cumulative effects of work, family and social commitments. They have small time margins for exercise, and comprehensive fitness programs are just not feasible. And, the after-exercise ritual of a shower, shampoo, hair-drying and makeup application is absolutely unacceptable for time-pressured women. Even the traditional warm-up, cool-down and stretching components of a standard exercise program can be problematic for busy women.

Although the process is unhealthy and the result is temporary, dieting is a more acceptable weight-loss alternative for the vast majority of overweight women. It has virtually no time requirement, and may actually save time by reducing eating duration. Dieting does not require physical effort, and represents a passive approach to weight loss. Dieting, unlike exercise, is typically perceived as a temporary tactic that may be discontinued when a desirable body weight is attained.

Enter Curves For Women

With three strikes against them, most fitness professionals have given up on exercise-based weight-loss programs for women. Enter Gary Heavin, founder and CEO of Curves For Women. Heavin understood the shortcomings of standard diet plans, as well as the physiological and psychological benefits of proactive exercise programs. He also recognized the importance of strength training for replacing muscle and recharging metabolism in middle-aged women. But he went one step further than other people in the fitness industry: Heavin designed a circuit-training program that alternated short bouts of strength exercise with aerobic activity for a relatively brief weight-loss workout.

Unlike other strength-training programs, Curves features hydraulic resistance machines that are easy to use, eliminate eccentric muscle actions that can cause delayed-onset muscle soreness, and facilitate time-efficient exercise programs. Although this type of resistance equipment might seem too soft for exercise enthusiasts, it feels just fine to inexperienced women who appreciate quick and easy bouts of strength training. Without question, the simplicity of the exercise protocol and the brevity of the training sessions are key factors in attracting previously sedentary women to the Curves program.

Another aspect of the Curves workout that affirms the new participants' exercise efforts is the limited instruction and supervision during the training sessions. Research conducted at the South Shore YMCA, Quincy, Mass., on the physiological and psychological responses to a beginning strength-training program clearly indicates that a less-intense instructional approach may be more beneficial from an exercise adherence perspective. In the study, beginners who received more exercise instruction performed better physiologically (greater fitness gains), but those who received less exercise instruction did better psychologically (more exercise enjoyment). While both training outcomes are important, it is essential for new participants to enjoy the exercise experience and feel comfortable in the exercise environment. Their perceived level of competence and confidence in performing the workout seems to be an important consideration for training compliance, and too much corrective feedback or even detailed directions may have negative consequences.

Curves is well-suited for introducing inactive women to an appropriate beginning exercise program that should positively affect their health, fitness and appearance. However, without an option to progress to more challenging exercise programs, the beneficial training effects may plateau well below their potential. In other words, the Curves approach provides a good start, but a higher-level graduate program would appear to be advisable for continued progress and participation.

Healthy Inspirations: The next step

Casey Conrad, founder and CEO of Healthy Inspirations, recently conducted a research study to determine if a more challenging second-level strength-training program would benefit her members. Like Curves, Healthy Inspirations' members begin with hydraulic strength exercise because it is quick to learn and easy to perform. However, upon reaching a plateau in their introductory program, participants are encouraged to use weightstack machines for the strength-training component.

Weightstack machines provide a solid resistance with both concentric and eccentric muscle actions on every repetition. Repetitions are performed more slowly on weightstack machines than on hydraulic equipment, which produces more muscle tension and enhances the strength-building stimulus.

In this study, subjects were 32 Healthy Inspirations members (23 women and nine men) with a mean age of 49.9 years. They all trained three days per week for seven weeks, using eight standard weightstack machines that collectively addressed all of the major muscle groups. Each strength exercise was performed for one set with a weightload that fatigued the target muscles within eight to 12 repetitions. The resistance was increased by approximately 5 percent whenever 12 repetitions were completed.

The South Shore YMCA fitness testing staff conducted the pre- and post-testing assessments on the program participants. As presented in Table 1, the 32 subjects averaged 4.5 pounds less fat weight, and 3 pounds more lean (muscle) weight, for a 7.5-pound improvement in body composition, and a 2.5 percent reduction in percent body fat. They also experienced small improvements in resting blood pressure (Table 1).

The bottom line

Curves For Women should be commended on an excellent introductory exercise program that has been exceptionally well-received by previously sedentary women of all ages. The brief and basic circuit-training protocol using hydraulic resistance machines provides a quick and easy workout that produces good results during the initial exercise sessions. Generally speaking, the Curves program offers participants effective, efficient and enjoyable exercise experiences.

However, when the women reach a fitness plateau, a more challenging resistance-training protocol may be appropriate to elicit further improvement. Based on the results obtained in the Healthy Inspirations research study, this approach has merit. The 32 second-phase program participants switched from hydraulic resistance equipment (concentric muscle contractions) to standard weightstack machines (concentric and eccentric muscle contractions) for a seven-week training period. The relatively short exercise sessions (eight machines, one set of 12 repetitions each) produced significant improvements in the subjects' body composition.

Although weightstack machines provide solid resistance and more challenging muscle contractions, most people adjust quickly to this type of equipment, and appreciate the two-phase exercise actions (concentric and eccentric loading). Based on the research, individuals who begin exercising with hydraulic resistance equipment should consider switching to standard weightstack machines upon reaching a plateau to facilitate further progress.

Special thanks to Rita LaRosa Loud, Karen Leary and Bill Cyr of the South Shore YMCA for conducting the pre- and post-training fitness assessments.

Table 1. Physical Changes After Strength-Training Program

Pre- and post-training data for participants who completed a seven-week strength-training program (32 subjects, mean age 49.9 years).

Fitness Component Pre-Training Post-Training Difference
Weight 187.5 lbs. 186.1 lbs. -1.4 lbs.*
Percent fat 28.2 percent 25.7 percent -2.5 percent*
Fat weight 53.0 lbs. 48.5 lbs. -4.5 lbs.*
Lean weight 134.5 lbs. 137.5 lbs. +3.0 lbs.*
Systolic bloodpressure 139.6 mmltg 136.9 mmltg -2.7 mmltg
Diastolic bloodpressure 83.8 mmltg 83.0 mmltg -0.8 mmltg

*statistically significant 0.05

REFERENCE

Westcott, W., J. Annesi and R. LaRosa Loud. Effects of exercise focus on strength-training performance. Fitness Management pp. 28-33, Sep.2003.

Fitness Q & A

Fitness Q & A

By Matt Brzycki
December 2008



What can be done to avoid exercise headaches? What's the earliest age that a youth can begin to lift weights? Does beta-alanine improve performance?

What can be done to avoid exercise headaches?

Exercise-related headaches are somewhat common. They are triggered by many activities, including running and weightlifting. Since most of the headaches are benign and relate to exertion, they're referred to as "benign exertional headaches." During a six-month period, a group of physicians reported that their emergency department diagnosed four patients with headaches that were related to lifting weights. The headaches were described as persistent and severe: One patient said the pain was so severe that he felt as if he were "going to pass out"; another said that it was "the worst headache" of his life. In all four patients, the onset of the pain was sudden. The location of the headache varied, although most were in the occipital area of the head.

To avoid this type of headache, it's important for exercisers to employ proper breathing (no breath holding) and good technique (no excessive straining). Any activity that aggravates the condition should be avoided.

Also keep in mind that headaches could be indicative of something more serious. It's a good idea for those who experience this condition to seek medical attention.

What's the earliest age that a youth can begin to lift weights?

A number of years ago, youths were deemed ready to initiate strength training when they began to develop secondary sexual characteristics, such as a deeper voice and facial/body hair in boys, and wider hips and breasts in girls. These changes usually coincide with the arrival of the so-called "adolescent growth spurt." It had been believed that doing any strength training prior to this developmental stage would damage the growth plates and, thus, impair or "stunt" growth. While these fears were certainly well intended, it turns out that they are unfounded.

There's no clear-cut line for determining an appropriate age to begin lifting weights. Research has shown, though, that children as young as 10 can participate in strength training without risk of injury. Caveat: It's of utmost importance that the strength training be supervised closely by competent and qualified individuals. Also, before strength training is permitted, a youth must be able to stay focused and follow directions.

Does beta-alanine improve performance?

Beta-alanine is a precursor of carnosine, a molecule that's found in skeletal muscle. It's thought that taking beta-alanine supplements can buffer pH fatigue and, as a result, improve performance.

In one study, 55 men (average age 24.5) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: One group received creatine, one group received beta-alanine, one group received creatine and beta-alanine, and one group received a placebo (dextrose). The supplements were ingested for 28 days. The researchers examined eight indices of cardiorespiratory endurance on a stationary cycle. The group that received beta-alanine improved significantly in one of the indices. The group that received creatine and beta-alanine improved significantly in five of the eight indices. Improvements between groups weren't significant. A caveat is that a large distributor of nutritional supplements sponsored the study.

In another study, 15 highly successful 400-meter sprinters (average personal best of 50.45 seconds; average age unspecified) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: One group was given beta-alanine and the other group was given a placebo (malodextrin). The supplements were ingested for four weeks. Both groups significantly decreased their time to run 400 meters, and the improvements were similar.

References
Derave, W., M.S. Ozdemir, R.C. Harris et al. Beta-alanine supplementation augments muscle carnosine content and attenuates fatigue during repeated isokinetic contraction bouts in trained sprinters. Journal of Applied Physiology 103: 1736-1743, 2007.
Guy, J.A., and L.J. Micheli. Strength training for children and adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9: 29-36, 2001.
Imperato, J., J. Burstein and J.A. Edlow. Benign exertional headache. Annals of Emergency Medicine 41: 98-103, 2003.
McCrory, P. Headaches and exercise. Sports Medicine 30: 221-229, 2000.
Zoeller, R.F., J.R. Stout, J.A. O'Kroy, et al. Effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on aerobic power, ventilatory and lactate thresholds, and time to exhaustion. Amino Acids 33: 505-510, 2007.

Campus Fitness Vital to Student Life

Campus Fitness Vital to Student Life

By Anne B. McDonnell, Senior Editor
December 2008



The fitness center at the Community College of Allegheny County, South Campus keeps students on campus, and encourages healthy living.

Community colleges are known to be "commuter colleges," with most or all students living off campus. Because of this, those in charge of college programs, events and services need to make an extra effort to keep students on campus and encourage them to participate. The Community College of Allegheny County (CCAC), South Campus Fitness Center, in West Mifflin, Pa., has done a great job of keeping students interested with free memberships, for-credit programs and managers who are open to suggestions from students. Says Fitness Center Supervisor Lori Paluti, "The CCAC South Campus Fitness Center has a student retention plan that focuses on providing programs and services that help students stay on campus beyond their scheduled class times."

The South Campus Fitness Center is available for students, faculty and staff at no charge. The facility is open year-round, and offers credit and non-credit health and physical education courses during the fall, spring and summer semesters.

Personal trainers play a key role in keeping members interested. They design fitness programs, perform fitness assessments, and teach workshops about health and fitness. Personal training services, fitness assessments and personal consultations are available free of charge to all students, faculty and staff, and include two private sessions. Trainers then continue to monitor their clients' progress throughout the semester. "This strategy has reduced the number of students, faculty and staff who discontinue their fitness program due to a lack of motivation and direction," says Paluti.




Community College of Allegheny County

South Campus Fitness Center
West Mifflin, Pa.
412 469-4309; www.ccac.edu

Date fitness facility opened: 1995

Fitness Facility size: 2,500 square feet

Number of daily guests: 100-200

Group exercise classes: Credit and non-credit courses in Physical Conditioning, Fitness Walking, Aerobic Fitness and Personal Conditioning

To have your fitness center featured, send an email describing your facility to anne@fitnessmanagement.com.


In addition to keeping students on campus, the fitness center keeps them motivated off campus, as well. "Since most students are familiar with the Blackboard course management software that instructors use to teach online courses, the fitness center also set up a Blackboard site ... to keep students connected to the facility," Paluti says. Students log onto the system using their network ID and password, and then have immediate access to exercise programs, nutritional tips, upcoming workshops, special events, discussion boards and video webinars conducted by fitness center staff.

Another strategy to keep off-campus students interested in fitness is the distribution of free computer games. The fitness center designed a series of computer games for students that are based on the importance of staying healthy. Students can receive a free CD game whenever they visit the facility.

The CCAC South Campus Fitness Center's Mobile Fitness Program also keeps students and staff motivated to stay healthy. This service involves fitness staff visiting different areas of the campus to offer health information, free health-related product samples and motivational tips. Says Paluti, "This onsite recruitment strategy has increased the interest level of students, faculty and staff, and serves as a marketing strategy for the fitness center."

All of these services were designed after careful planning. To determine the right type of fitness equipment and programs to put in place, the South Campus Fitness Center conducts paper and online surveys, and encourages students, faculty and staff to submit their ideas. Paluti also meets with students on a one-to-one basis for their input, and the Student Government Association works closely with fitness center staff, and has provided funding for equipment purchases along with feedback about the direction of the facility. "These types of approaches keep students a vital part of the planning and development of the fitness center, and allow them to maintain their presence in some of the decision-making that occurs," Paluti says.

CCAC benefits from its fitness center in many ways, including keeping students on campus, and giving them opportunities to stay fit and healthy. Says Paluti, "The fitness center helps retain students, and provides a safe and friendly atmosphere that keeps students a vital part of the CCAC system."